High blood pressure is one of the most common risk factors for heart attack and stroke — and often goes unnoticed for years. Regular monitoring is the first step toward prevention.
In this article, you'll learn how to measure blood pressure correctly, what the numbers mean, and when you should take action.
What Do Blood Pressure Values Mean?
Blood pressure is reported as two values: systolic (upper value, pressure during heartbeat) and diastolic (lower value, pressure between heartbeats). The unit is mmHg (millimeters of mercury).
Blood Pressure = Systolic / Diastolic mmHg
Blood Pressure Values by AHA Categories
| Category | Systolic | Diastolic |
|---|---|---|
| Normal | < 120 | < 80 |
| Elevated | 120–129 | < 80 |
| Hypertension Stage 1 | 130–139 | 80–89 |
| Hypertension Stage 2 | ≥ 140 | ≥ 90 |
| Hypertensive Crisis | > 180 | > 120 |
The higher value always determines the category: If one of the two values falls into a higher category, that category applies.
How to Measure Blood Pressure Correctly
1. Rest: Sit quietly for 5 minutes, don't talk.
2. Position: Arm at heart level, feet flat on the floor.
3. Cuff: Upper arm cuff, not too tight, not too loose.
4. Repeat: Two measurements 1–2 minutes apart, take the average.
5. Timing: Measure morning and evening, before taking medication.
Risk Factors for High Blood Pressure
Excess weight, lack of exercise, high salt intake, stress, and alcohol increase the risk. Genetics also play a role. A healthy BMI and sufficient hydration help keep blood pressure in the normal range.
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Regular blood pressure monitoring is simple and can save lives. Use our Blood Pressure Calculator to classify your values, and consult your doctor if results are concerning.
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